Rules of Inheritance (4033-4055)

Usama Ibn Zaid reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: A Muslim is not entitled to inherit from a non-Muslim, and a non-Muslim is not entitled to inherit from a Muslim.

Ibn Abbas reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Give the shares to those who are entitled to them, and what remains over goes to the nearest male heir.

Ibn Abbas reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Give the shares to those who are entitled to them, and what is left from those wno are entitled to it goes to the nearest male heir.

Tawus reported on the authority of Ibn Abbas narrating that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Distribute the property amongst Ahl al-Faraid, according to the Book of Allah, and what is left out of them goes to the nearest male heir.

There is another chain of Tawus reporting like the reports that were mentioned before the previous hadith chain through Tawus (the chains of Wuhaib and Rowh Ibn Qasim).

Jabir Ibn Abdullah reported: I fell sick and there came to me on foot Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr for inquiring after my health. I fainted. He (ﷺ) performed ablution and then sprinkled over me the water of his ablution. I felt some relief and said: Allah's Messenger, how should I decide about my property? He said nothing to me in response until this verse pertaining to the law of inheritance was revealed: "They ask you for a decision; say: Allah gives you a decision concerning the person who has neither parents nor children" (4. 177).

Jabir Ibn Abdullah reported: Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) and Abi Bakr visited me on foot in Banu Salama, and found me unconscious. He (ﷺ) called for water and performed ablution and sprinkled out of it (the water) over me. I felt relieved. I said: Allah's Messenger, what should I do with my property? And this verse was revealed: "Allah enjoins you concerning your children: for the male is equal of the portion of two females."

Jabir Ibn Abdullah reported: While I had been ill Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) visited me and Abu akr was with him, and they both came walking on foot. He (ﷺ) found me unconscious. Allahs Messenger (ﷺ) performed ablution and then sprinkled over me the water of his ablution. I felt relieved regained my consciousness) and found Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) there. I said: Allah's Messenger, what should I do with my property? He gave me no reply until the verse (4. 177) relating to the law of inheritance was revealed.

Jabir Ibn Abdullah reported: Whilo I was ill Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to me and found me unconscious. He (ﷺ) performed ablution, and sprinkled over me the water of his ablution. I regained my consciousness and said: Allah's Messenger, my case of inheritance is that of Kalala. Then the verse pertaining to the inheritance (of Kalala) was revealed. I (one of the narrators) said: I said to Muhammad Ibn Munkadir: (Do you mean this verse)" They ask you; say: "Allah gives you a ruling concerning one having neither descendants nor ascendants [as heirs]." (4.176)? He said: Yes, it was thus revealed.

This hadith is transmitted on the authority of Shuba but with a slight variation of words.

Abu Talha reported: Umar Ibn al-Khattab delivered a sermon on Friday and made a mention of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) and he also made a mention of Abu Bakr and then said: I do not leave behind me any problem more difficult than that of Kalala. I did not refer to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) more repeatedly than in case of the problem of Kalala, and he (ﷺ) never showed more annoyance to me than in regard to this problem, so much so that he struck my chest with his fingers and said: Umar, does the verse revealed in summer season, at the end of Nisa' not suffice you? Hadrat Umar (then) said: If I live I would give such verdict about (Kalala) that everyone would be able to decide whether he reads the Quran or he does not.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Qatada with the same chain of transmitters.

Al-Bara reported that the last verse revealed in the Holy Quran is: "Allah gives you a ruling concerning one having neither descendants nor ascendants [as heirs]." (4.176)

Abu Ishaq said that he heard al-Bara Ibn Azib say: The last verse revealed (in the Holy Quran) is that pertaining to Kalala, and the last sura revealed is Baraat.

Abu Ishaq said that he heard al-Bara Ibn Azib say: The last complete sura revealed (in the Holy Quran) is Sura Tauba (al-Baraat, 9), and the last verse revealed is that pertaining to Kalala.

Aba Ishaq reported this hadith on the authority of al-Bara with a slight variation of words. the last sura that was revealed complete.

Al-Bara reported that the last verse revealed was: "They ask of you religious verdict.." (4. 176).

Abu Huraira reported that when the body of a dead person having burden of debt upon him was brought to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) he would ask whether he had left property enough to clear off his debt, and if the property left had been sufficient for that (purpose), he observed funeral prayer for him, otherwise he said (to his companions): You observe prayer for your companion. But when Allah opened the gateways of victory for him, he said: I am nearer to the believers than themselves, so if anyone dies leaving a debt, its payment is my responsibility, and if anyone leaves a property, it goes to his heirs.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of al-Zuhri through another chain of transmitters.

Abn Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) having said this: By Him in Whose Hand is the life of Muhammad, there is no believer on the earth with whom I am not the nearest among all the people. He who amongst you (dies) and leaves a debt, I am there to pay it, and he who amongst you (dies) leaving behind children I am there to look after them. And he who amongst You leaves behind property, that is for the inheritor whoever he is.

Hammam Ibn Munabbih reported: This is what Abu Huraira narrated to us from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). And he narrated many ahadith, and one was this: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: I am, according to the Book of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, nearest to the believers of all the human beings. So whoever amongst you dies in debt or leaves behind destitute children, you should call me (for help), for I am his guardian. And who amongst you leaves property, his inheritor is entitled to get it, whoever he is.

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) as saying: He who leaves property, that is for the inheritors; and he who leaves behind destitute children, then it is my responsibility (to look after them).

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Shuba with the same chain of transmitters.